Why Does the US Postal Service Lose Money

The U.S. Postal Service lost money in six out of the 10 years from 2001 through 2010, according to its financial reports. By the end of the decade, the semi-independent government agencys losses had reached a record $8.5 billion, forcing the Postal Service to consider seeking an increase in its $15 billion debt ceiling or face insolvency. Though the Postal Service is bleeding money, it receives no tax dollars for operating expenses and relies on the sale of postage, products, and services to fund its operations. See also: Highest Paying Postal Jobs The agency blamed the losses on the recession that began in December 2007 and significant declines in mail volume as a result of changes in the way Americans communicate in the age of the Internet. The Postal Service was considering a host of cost-saving measures including the closure of as many as 3,700 facilities, the elimination of wasteful spending on travel, the end of Saturday mail and cutting delivery to just three days a week. When Postal Service Losses Began The Postal Service carried billion-dollar surpluses for many years before the Internet became widely available to Americans. Although the Postal Service lost money in the early part of the decade, in 2001 and 2003, the most significant losses came after the passage of a 2006 law requiring the agency to refund retiree health beneï ¬ ts. Under the Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act of 2006, the USPS is required to pay $5.4 billion to $5.8 billion annually, through 2016, to pay for future retiree health benefits. See also: Find Postal Service Jobs Without Being Scammed We must pay today for beneï ¬ ts that will not be paid out until some future date, the Postal Service said. Other federal agencies and most private sector companies use a pay-as-you-go system, by which the entity pays premiums as they are billed ... The funding requirement, as it currently stands, contributes signiï ¬ cantly to postal losses. Postal Services Seeks Changes The Postal Service said it had made significant cost reductions in areas within its control by 2011 but claimed it needed Congress to approve several other measures to boost its financial outlook. Those measures include eliminating mandated retiree health benefit pre-payments; forcing the federal government to return Civil Service Retirement System and Federal Employee Retirement System overpayments to the Postal Service and allowing the Postal Service to determine the frequency of mail delivery. Postal Service Net Income/Loss By Year 2015 - $5.1 billion loss2014 - $5.5 billion loss2013 - $5 billion loss2012 - $15.9 billion loss 2011 - $5.1 billion loss 2010 - $8.5 billion loss 2009 - $3.8 billion loss 2008 - $2.8 billion loss 2007 - $5.1 billion loss 2006 - $900 million surplus 2005 - $1.4 billion surplus 2004 - $3.1 billion surplus 2003 - $3.9 billion surplus 2002 - $676 million loss 2001 - $1.7 billion loss

Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill Essay example - 618 Words

Miss Brill is a story about an old woman that lacks companionship and self-awareness. She lives by herself and goes through life in a repetitive manner. Each Sunday, Miss Brill ventures down to the park to watch and listen to the band play. She finds herself listening not only to the band, but also to strangers who walk together and converse before her. Her interest in the lives of those around her shows the reader that Miss Brill lacks companionship. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Loneliness plays an extremely large part of Miss Brill’s life and can be proven by things in the story. An example of Miss Brill’s lack of companionship is when she visits the park on Sunday’s. Not only did she look forward to listening to the band but she also†¦show more content†¦As she takes tired step after tired step she thinks about how lonely life can be sometimes. Miss Brill is gingerly moving along hoping to see someone ready to talk. Maybe some words spoken to her, or perhaps someone else. As Miss Brill walks the cold winter wind pushes against her. She feels that another stiff wind would knock her down. She comes across her favorite spot, McCooley’s Tavern. It is a damp and musty place that never really has anyone in it. The grayness of the walls makes Miss Brill’s hair look platinum blonde. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;She hopes that today someone will be there, as she enters the door. Once again it is empty except for Sal, the bartender. As she sits on the bar stool and orders her favorite drink, a ginger ale with no ice, Miss Brill cannot but wonder who will walk thru the door next. Maybe she can hear their conversation, maybe she can be in it, or maybe they will ask her how her day was. This routine is what goes on daily for Miss Brill. She walks a cold path to a lonely bar, but does so in a timely fashion. Can she be a part of someone’s conversation today? Can she listen to someone else’s problems? Well, at least tomorrow is another day. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Miss Brill is portrayed as a lonely woman who likes her routine. She is used to her routine of loneliness. She goes to sit in that park bench and listen to the band play because Miss Brill is used to it. She has run her life in a straight line and stillShow MoreRelatedKatherine Mansfields Miss Brill Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pageseffects; however, if they are handled poorly, it could diminish happiness. Katherine Mansfields short story, Miss Brill, uses symbol, plot, character, and point of view, to reveal the theme that creating an alternate reality through the lives of other people will not relieve loneliness. Miss Brills fur, the symbol in the short story, is contextual. The fur isRead MoreEssay on Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill787 Words   |  4 Pages quot;Miss Brillquot; The Third Person-Point of View as used by Katherine Mansfield in â€Å"Miss Brill† Katherine Mansfield’s use of the third person, limited omniscient point of view in â€Å"Miss Brill† has the effect of letting the reader see the contrast between Miss Brill’s idea of her role in life and the reality of the small part she truly plays in world around her. In one short Sunday afternoon, the main character’s view of herself changes dramatically different changes. Until the end, the readerRead MoreEssay on Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill1218 Words   |  5 Pageswe call the world. In Katherine Mansfield’s short story â€Å"Miss Brill,† one such person, herself a kind of outcast of society, creates a fantasy world in which she is at the center. â€Å"Miss Brill† is the story of a woman battling with loneliness. She partakes in a ritual in which every Sunday she would spend the entire afternoon at the local park eavesdropping and obser ving the people around her. In her mind everyone around her is apart of her unadorned existence when in fact Brill only sits alone seeminglyRead MoreKatherine Mansfields Miss Brill Essay example1122 Words   |  5 Pageslife† is defined as characterization. Miss Brill by Katherine Mansfield displays the character of Miss Brill as the protagonist, confronted with the reality of her existence. In the short story Miss Brill, by Katherine Mansfield, an elderly woman spends a Sunday afternoon visiting a seaside park as part of her weekly ritual. As a developing character, Miss Brill is forced to face a harsh reality from her routine events. In the short story, Miss Brill, Katherine Mansfield effectively uses variousRead More Point of View in Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill Essay846 Words   |  4 PagesThe narrator in the story â€Å"Miss Brill† by Katherine Mansfield, is telling us this story in the third person singular perspective. Our narrator is a non-participant and we learn no details about this person, from a physical sense. Nothing to tell us whether it is a friend of Miss Brill, a relative, or just someone watching. Katherine Mansfield’s Miss Brill comes alive from the descriptions we get from this anonymous person. The narrator uses limited omniscience while telling us about this beautifulRead MoreA Character Analysis of Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesKatherine Mansfields Miss Brill is a woman self-contained, not pessimistic but settled, content. She is not a victim of her circumstances, but the satisfied creator of them. You could say she has her ducks lined up the way she wants them. Through the character of Miss Brill, Katherine Mansfield reveals a woman who has the ability to enjoy a simple world of her own elaborate creation. Miss Brill is a single woman, probably in her mid to late fifties. She lives alone in a very small space withoutRead MoreCharacter Sketch of Miss Brill in Katherine Mansfiel ds Miss Brill644 Words   |  3 Pageslonely they can begin to exhibit strange behaviors, they can become paranoid, hallucinate, or project inner thoughts into their realities. Most people who are lonely usually live alone and prefer to be a closed off from the outside world. In Miss Brill by Katherine Mansfield, she shows her loneliness by using others peoples lives for her enjoyment, for thinking she and everyone else was on a stage, also by snapping to reality when treated with cruelty. However, not having any companions, such as, friendsRead MoreEssay about Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill967 Words   |  4 Pagesshort story quot;Miss Brillquot;, by Katherine Mansfield, is about an older woman who doesnt have any people around her that love her. Because of this isolation she makes things up in her mind to compensate. A person who doesnt have any significant others in his/her life may create an alternate reality to make up for what they dont have. If Miss Brill realizes that wh at she believes isnt reality, she can become broken and emotionally devistated. Through the setting , Miss Brill herself, her valuesRead MoreEssay about Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill627 Words   |  3 PagesIllusion vs. Reality in Miss Brill Miss Brill by Katherine Mansfield is set the Jardins Publiques in France. Every Sunday Miss Brill looks forward to getting dressed up and visiting the park, where she enjoys people watching. Her weekly visits to the park are undoubtedly the highlight of her week, bringing her great joy and satisfaction. There are many illusions in this story, in this essay I intend to show three different illusions Miss Brill uses to make herself happy and how her realityRead MoreThe Insignificant Soul in Katherine Mansfields Miss Brill Essay914 Words   |  4 Pages Miss Brill: An Insignificant Soul nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Every Sunday, Miss Brill looked forward to a wonderful day in the park. There, she would secretly dive into the lives of the surrounding human beings, taking in each of their words and actions and creating a fantasy world all of her own that she was sure she belonged in, but she was mistaken. Her fantasy world does crumble, and Miss Brill, the protagonist in the short story, â€Å"Miss Brill† by Katherine Mansfield, soon finds herself in

American war for independence II Free Essays

The American war for Independence was a new revolution that was relevant for various political and social reasons. Due to the changes caused by such revolution, the changes that happened during this event greatly changed the course of American History. In order to fully understand the radical nature of the American Revolution, it is first important to briefly discuss the events during this period. We will write a custom essay sample on American war for independence II or any similar topic only for you Order Now Occurring in the latter half of the 18th century, the American Revolution was the event that allowed the Thirteen (13) Colonies to become the United States of America. This was also the event that finally granted these colonies the independence that they desired from the British Empire. The American War of Independence or Revolutionary War that ensued from 1775 to 1783 was largely radical in nature because of the fact that it was the first instance that a colony had tried and succeeded to gain independence from the British Empire. One of the key developments resulted from this revolution was the birth and growth of enlightenment philosophy in America. The influence of this wave of thinking created a certain sect that was opposed to an absolute monarchy, such as that of the British Empire, and instead embraced a new form of government that was revolutionary for its time. The broad intellectual and social paradigm shifts within the colonies introduced new ideas with regard to republican ideals that began to take hold among the members of the colonies. Democracy soon began to play a larger role in the determination of the new government that was going to replace the absolute monarchy. The steadily expanding role of democracy in government caused the deterioration of traditional social hierarchies that existed. Instead a new ethic was created within the core of American Political values. While the United States was arguably not the first democracy to ever exist, the neo-classical model that arose during this time was largely unheard of in other parts of the world, particularly from a British Colony. These social and political changes greatly impacted the way that the world saw the Americas from that point on. As the birthplace of modern democracy as the world now recognizes it, the United States of America soon became the symbol of world democracy. The birth of new ideas with regard to government, representation and social class were all altered by this event. It was so influential that it became the foundation of the American Constitution and the reason why the United States will always be known as the land of the free. How to cite American war for independence II, Essays

Competitive Strategy for Woolworths Limited- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCompetitive Strategy for Woolworths Limited. Answer: Woolworths Woolworths Supermarket is an Australian supermarket and grocery store chain owned by Woolworths Limited. The stated firm is the Australias largest supermarket chain and operates more than 900 stores all over the Australia and employs over 115,000 workers in its stores, delivery centres and support office to offer its consumers with superior quality(Santos and Svensson, 2013). The main motive of Woolworths is to be the center of the community and to be the best vendor for kids, home and family leisure time. Woolworths is perceived as excellent in its operation as it source 96% of all the fruit and vegetables and 100% of fresh meat from Australian farmers and growers. This organisation has been chosen as it understand that customers now look for new and simple ways to shop. How Woolworths reached its current position In order to achieve its current standing in the market, Woolworths emphasis heavily in building a customer and store-led culture and team. The main strong point of Woolworths is its sustainable sales momentum in Food. It is evident that most of the fruits, vegetables and fresh meat that the company sales are from Australian farmers and growers(Santos and Svensson, 2013). The success of the company starts with developing a great trade team that listen to the consumers, team members and supplier. The stated firm, through its voice of the customer program crossways its brands, stores and support offices, which receives daily response from the consumers, gained the confidence and trust of the consumers(Keith, 2012). As Woolworths is a customer oriented organisation, it is placing the customer at the start of everything it does. Putting customer in every operation assists the company to bring lower prices, more compelling offers, and greater innovation. Though, in the current business con text, every retail enterprise is offering low prices; it is the overall customer experience and quality of the goods that gives competitive advantage to Woolworths. Another reason for the success of Woolworths is its supply chain strategy. The firm implies a business model where purchaser delivers a specific statistics to a vendor supplier regarding the product and supplier takes the full guarantee for the superiority of the product. This the main reason for which Woolworths bring almost all its grocery items from trustable Australian farmers. The stated organisation is also known as the technology leader in the retail industry(Keith, 2012). They were the ones to start the online shopping to the customers of Australia. The information technology department of the company helps it in managing the customer relationships and service response logistics. The operational excellence in the supply chain management of the Woolworths permits them to provide low pricing strategy as it has huge purchasing power. Woolworths has driven many small retailers out of the commerce and forced the manufacturers to be more efficient(Santos and Svensson, 2013). The co mpany has also managed to keep the lower cost down which is the main reason of generating revenue for the company. The main goal of the company is to drive the social development and to emphasis on environment requirements. It hugely concentrates in recognising its centric business, i.e. to recognise who their customers are -and what are their actual demands. Commonwealth Bank The Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) is an Australian international bank with its commerce operations across New Zealand, Fiji, Asia, the United States and the United Kingdom. The stated firm delivers a range of financial services which includes the trade, commerce and institutional banking, broking services, investment, insurance and funds management(Commonwealth Bank Strategy, 2012). CBA is Australias leading supplier of incorporated financial services and is one of the most familiar brands in Australian Financial industry. The main objective of the stated firm is to extensive programme and policies to meet its promise of being the Australias most available bank. This organisation has been chosen as its corporate social responsibility id focused in driving positive change and good business practice. How Commonwealth bank reached its current position The main reason for Commonwealth Bank is its marketing strategy. It is the central part of the business at the stated firm. The role of marketing clearly demonstrates the value that the stated firm brings to the business. The CBA corporate accountability plan is also purposeful in bringing positive change in education, improvement and good commerce practice(Commonwealth Bank Strategy, 2012). CBA has different initiatives such as teaching the value of money, preparing workforce for the future, using innovation ability to empower people which demonstrate the companys commitment in creating sustainable long term value. Another thing that helped the firm to reach its current position is its innovation. It is the goal of the company to embed innovation in its business and utilising it to enhance the financial wellbeing, assist positive change and to improve the lives of its customers and societies. CBA collaborate with its clients in this tough business situation to uncover insights, reco gnising the opportunities and solving the business issues(Schlagwein and Thorogood, 2015). CBA is very much concerned in contributing to its communities, and in meeting its stakeholder requirements. The company lends, invest and procure sensibly and mirror its communitys ethics and role model settlement. From online security to comply with the uppermost level of conduct codes, CBA is dedicated in being the Australias most reachable bank by making banking easier to older citizens and persons with disabilities. The company is entitled to become the best customer service provider every time consumer contacts them. CBA always tries to improve customer convenience initiatives. It always ensures that customers are treated ethically and fairly. For marinating its current position, CBA works independently to improve their products, systems and procedures. The customer services executives of the stated firm also helps customers even if they are particularly in challenging or complex situations(Schlagwein and Thorogood, 2015). The employees of CBA are bound to act responsibly when they are aware of price-sensitive information. The customer service is the major strength of the Commonwealth bank. It has commitment in ensuring professionalism, honesty and fairness in their dealings with the custo mers. By embracing its commitments, the Commonwealth Bank delivers a personal undertaking in outlining its vision, values and in adhering common principles in performing its respective roles. References Commonwealth Bank Strategy.(2012). [online] Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/about-us/shareholders/pdfs/2006-asx/20060809-Commonwealth-Bank-Strategy.pdf [Accessed 20 Aug. 2017]. Keith, S. (2012). COLES, WOOLWORTHS, AND THE LOCAL.The Australasian-Pacific Journal of Regional Food Studies, [online] pp.47-70. Available at: https://localejournal.org/issues/n2/Locale%20n2%20-%2007%20-%20Keith.pdf [Accessed 20 Aug. 2017]. Santos, M. and Svensson, G. (2013). Indicators of sustainable business practices: Woolworths in South Africa.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 18(1), pp.104-108. Schlagwein, D. and Thorogood, A. (2015). How Commonwealth Bank of Australia Gained Benefits Using a Standards-Based, MultiProvider Cloud Model.MIS Quarterly Executive, [online] 13(4), pp.209-222. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6fd0/30b730ffff376411c8a8f94f19b5a150f266.pdf [Accessed 20 Aug. 2017].

5 interview questions you shouldn’t ask potential employees

5 interview questions you shouldn’t ask potential employees We talk a lot about what questions interviewees should be prepared to answer, but what if you’re on the other side of that equation? Are there any danger zone questions (or just plain ineffective) questions you shouldn’t ask? There definitely are, and they range from inappropriate to downright illegal. Let’s look at some of them. 1. How old are you?Age is always a no-no in an interview. Even if the interviewee mentions it themselves or you can deduce the age based on their resume, you can’t ask about it or use it as a factor in the hiring decision. Per the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), it’s illegal to use age as a discriminating factor in hiring. So by mentioning age, you’re opening the door to potential legal consequences for your company- whether you’re just making small talk or not.2. Are you married/do you have kids?Again, illegal, even if it’s just small talk. The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) forbids using gender or family status as an element in hiring someone for a role. A question about family status could make the interviewee think you’re fishing to see if she is planning to take maternity leave, or a question about marriage could make the interviewee think you’re trying to determine sexual orientation. It’s best to leave it alone and find other ways to make small talk. And you don’t want to risk making the interviewee feel uncomfortable about having to discuss personal issues. It’s better all around to keep discussion limited to professional areas.3. If You Were a [blank], what kind of [blank] would you be?This one isn’t illegal, by any stretch. It’s just not a very useful or effective interview question. Knowing which kind of tree the interviewer identifies with or which former member of One Direction they’d like to be doesn’t tell you much of anything about how they’d approach the job at hand. Whenever possible, you should avoid filler questions like these.4. What’s your salary history?What a candidate made before is largely immaterial to what they’d make at your company, unless you’re trying to take the easy way out and determine how low you can go, salary-wise. Either way, it’s not a terribly appropriate or relevant thing to ask someone who’s applying for a specific job. It could put the interviewee on the defensive and steer the conversation away from the job itself.5. What’s your biggest weakness?If you ask this, you’re not going to get a 100% truthful answer. Candidates are on to this game, so you’re going to get an answer with spin on it. No one is going to say â€Å"Yeah, I’m just not good at motivating myself to get work done in the morning† or â€Å"I make a lot of careless mistakes.† And does the spin answer like â€Å"I am too much of a perfectionist† really help you make this hiring decision?When you’re the interviewer and have all the power, it’s important to make sure you’re making a good faith effort to ask the right questions to get someone hired. The last thing you want to do is open legal cans of worms for your company or ask questions that just don’t tell you much about the person you’re hiring to fill this job. Learning to become a great interviewer is just as much a skill as learning to become a great interviewee, and the more you work on what to avoid, the more effective you’ll be.

Morgans Raid in the Civil War

Morgans Raid in the Civil War Morgans Raid - Conflict Dates: Morgans Raid was conducted from June 11 to July 26, 1863 during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders Union Major General Ambrose Burnsideapprox. 40,000 men Confederates Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan2,462 men Morgans Raid - Background: In late spring 1863, with Union troops conducting the Siege of Vicksburg and General Robert E. Lees Army of Northern Virginia embarking on the Gettysburg Campaign, General Braxton Bragg sought to distract enemy forces in Tennessee and Kentucky. To accomplish this, he turned to Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan. A veteran of the Mexican-American War, Morgan had proven himself a capable cavalry leader during the early part of the war and had led several effective raids into the Union rear. Assembling a select force of 2,462 men and a battery of light artillery, Morgan received orders from Bragg directing him to attack through Tennessee and Kentucky. Morgans Raid - Tennessee: Though he happily accepted these orders, Morgan harbored a desire to carry the war into the North by invading Indiana and Ohio. Aware of his subordinates aggressive nature, Bragg strictly forbade him to cross the Ohio River as he did not wish Morgans command to be lost. Assembling his men at Sparta, TN, Morgan rode out on June 11, 1863. Operating in Tennessee, his forces began moving towards Kentucky late in the month after Major General William Rosecrans Army of the Cumberland began its Tullahoma Campaign. Seeking to aid Bragg by disrupting Rosecrans supply lines, Morgan crossed the Cumberland River on June 23 and entered Kentucky on July 2. Morgans Raid - Kentucky: After camping between Campbellsville and Columbia on the night of July 3, Morgan planned to push north and cross the Green River at Tebbs Bend the next day. Moving out, he found that the bend was guarded five companies of the 25th Michigan Infantry which had constructed earthworks in the area. Attacking eight times through the day, Morgan was unable to overwhelm the Union defenders. Falling back, he shifted south before crossing the river at Johnson Ford. Riding north, the Confederates attacked and captured Lebanon, KY on July 5. Though Morgan captured around 400 prisoners in the fighting, he was crushed with his younger brother, Lieutenant Thomas Morgan, was killed. Advancing towards Louisville, Morgans raiders fought several skirmishes with Union troops and local militia. Reaching Springfield, Morgan dispatched a small force to the northeast in an attempt to confuse the Union leadership as to his intentions. This detachment was later captured at New Pekin, IN before it could rejoin the main column. With the enemy off balance, Morgan led his main body northwest through Bardstown and Garnettsville before reaching the Ohio River at Brandenburg. Entering the town, the Confederates captured two riverboats, John B. McCombs and Alice Dean. In direct violation of his orders from Bragg, Morgan began moving his command across the river on July 8. Morgans Raid - Indiana: Landing east of Mauckport, the raiders drove off a force of Indiana militia before burning Alice Dean and sending John B. McCombs downstream. As Morgan began moving north into the heart of Indiana, the states governor, Oliver P. Morton, frantically put a call out for volunteers to oppose the invaders. While militia units quickly formed, the commander of the Department of the Ohio, Major General Ambrose Burnside, moved to shift Union forces to cut off Morgans lines of retreat south. Advancing up the Maukport Road, Morgan overwhelmed a force of Indiana militia at the Battle of Corydon on July 9. Entering the town, Morgan paroled the militiamen before seizing supplies. Morgans Raid - Ohio: Turning east, the raiders passed through Vienna and Dupont before arriving at Salem. There they burned the railroad depot, rolling stock, as well as two railroad bridges. Looting the town, Morgans men took cash and supplies before departing. Pressing on, the column entered Ohio at Harrison on July 13. That same day Burnside declared martial in Cincinnati to the south. Despite recent celebrations in response to the Union triumphs at Gettysburg and Vicksburg, Morgans raid caused widespread panic and fear across Indiana and Ohio. Passing through Springdale and Glendale, Morgan remained to the north of Cincinnati in an effort to avoid Burnsides men. Continuing east, Morgan dashed across southern Ohio with the goal of reaching West Virginia and turning south into Confederate territory. To accomplish this, he intended to re-cross the Ohio River using the fords at Buffington Island, WV. Assessing the situation, Burnside correctly guessed Morgans intentions and directed Union forces to Buffington Island. As Union gunboats moved into position, columns led by Brigadier Generals Edward Hobson and Henry Judah marched to intercept the raiders. In an effort to block the ford prior to their arrival, Burnside dispatched a local militia regiment to the island. Reaching Buffington Island late on July 18, Morgan elected not to attack this force. Morgans Raid - Defeat Capture: This pause proved disastrous as Union forces arrived during the night. With Lieutenant Commander LeRoy Fitchs gunboats blocking the river, Morgan soon found his command nearly surrounded on a plain near Portland, OH. In the resulting Battle of Buffington Island, Union troops captured around 750 of Morgans men, including his executive officer, Colonel Basil Duke, and inflicted losses of 152 killed and wounded. Morgan was able to escape with around half of his men by slipping through some nearby woods. Fleeing north, he hoped to cross the river at an undefended ford near Belleville, WV. Arriving, around 300 men successfully crossed before Union gunboats arrived on the scene. While Morgan elected to remain in Ohio, Colonel Adam Stovepipe Johnson led the rest to safety. Reduced to around 400 men, Morgan turned inland and sought to escape his pursuers. Resting at Nelsonville, the Confederates burned boats along a local canal before riding northeast. Passing through Zanesville, Morgan still sought to cross into West Virginia. Pressed by Brigadier General James Shackelfords Union cavalry, the raiders were attacked at Salinesville, OH on July 26. Badly routed, Morgan lost 364 of men in the fighting. Escaping with a small party, he was captured later that day by Major George W. Rue of the 9th Kentucky Cavalry. Though many of his enlisted men were taken to Camp Douglas near Chicago, Morgan and his officers were incarcerated at the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus, OH. Morgans Raid - Aftermath: Though the entirety of his command was lost as a result of the raid, Morgan captured and paroled around 6,000 Union soldiers prior to his capture. In addition, his men disrupted Union rail operations across Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio while also burning 34 bridges. Despite being captured, Morgan and Duke felt the raid was a success as it allowed Bragg to retreat safely while tying down thousands of Union troops which otherwise could have reinforced Rosecrans. On November 27, Morgan and six of his officers successfully escaped from the Ohio Penitentiary and returned south. Though Morgans return was lauded by the Southern press, he was not received with open arms by his superiors. Angry that he had violated his orders to remain south of the Ohio, Bragg never fully trusted him again. Placed in command of Confederate forces in eastern Tennessee and southwest Virginia, Morgan attempted to rebuild the raiding force that he had lost during the 1863 campaign. In the summer of 1864, he was accused of robbing a bank in Mt. Sterling, KY. While some his men were involved, there is no evidence to suggest that Morgan played a role. While working to clear his name, Morgan and his men encamped at Greeneville, TN. On the morning of September 4, Union troops attacked the town. Taken by surprise, Morgan was shot and killed while attempting to escape from the attackers. Selected Sources Ohio History: Morgans RaidMorgans Men Association Connor Prairie: Morgans Raid

U choose a topic Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

U choose a topic - Case Study Example This water industry operated under strict regulations from both governmental and nongovernmental organizations concerned with quality assurance. One such organization includes the International Bottled Water Association (IBWA), and the America’s Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These bodies are usually concerned with facilitating adoption of safety and quality related standards to consumer markets. Within any economic environment, bottled water industry plays a significant role in enhancing management and rational utilization of ground water (Gleick 54). In addition, this industry provides numerous opportunities for commercial ventures involving different stakeholders like suppliers and logistical manufactures. In the recent past, statistics indicates steadily increasing sales in bottled water within the global consumer market. In 2009 alone, sales of bottled water were approximately $78 billion within that fiscal year alone. In 2010, sales increased by 4.3% to hit a revenu e target of $81 billion. This specific increase within that short period indicates availability of business opportunities within the industry (Eshleman 71). In this regard, certain success factors facilitate achievement of production, distribution and sales objectives by involved companies. One such factor is conformance to production standards required by the industry. Bottled water industry is under governance by federal and state authorities in matters relating to product quality. In order for any organization to gain considerable recognition within any given marketing environment, they will first develop reliable standards of production allowed by relevant authorities. Within the American market, success only comes after an organization gains quality approval from the Food and Drug Association. Apart from such a local quality assurance authorities, other producers choose to advance towards attainment of standards required by international bodies like IBWA (Vasconcellos 84). In t his context, success is directly related to level of conformance to existing standards of product quality in the market. Another integral success factor in bottled water industry involves marketing strategies employed by a given company. In this case, an example of strategy that directly influence marketing trends include distribution and sales patterns used by a marketing agency to reach target consumers (Eshleman 88). Consumer trends suggest that individuals are more likely to purchase a convenience related product whenever their proximity to that product increases. In actual consumer markets, bottled water occupies same shelves as those of other soft drinks in convenience stores. In addition, bottled water can also be sold along with other soft drinks in restaurants, hotels and snack shops. This means that the ability of an organization to avail their product to these premises increases their chances of sales success. From a more practical illustration, Coca Cola utilized its sof t drink distribution channels to deliver its bottled water brands to the market. Fortunately, Coca Cola had a fully developed and efficient distribution channel for their soft drink market. The company was under no commercial obligation to develop a new distribution channel for their new products (Eshleman 92). In this regard, the company in subject supplied mineral water filled bottles to store shelves selling their popular soft drinks. Changes in the industry Since its inception on a commercial scale level,